Plant Physiology – Plant Growth & Development Quiz - ICSE Class 11 Biology

Free practice quiz: Plant Physiology – Plant Growth & Development (ICSE Class 11 Biology). 46 multiple-choice questions with answers and explanations. Play online, no sign-up needed.

This ICSE Class 11 Biology practice quiz has 46 multiple-choice questions on Plant Physiology – Plant Growth & Development, and 46 of them come with an explanation. Try the 5 sample questions below (tap an option to check yourself), then play the full quiz online. No sign-up needed.

Sample questions

1. Which phytohormone is primarily responsible for promoting cell elongation and division in the apical meristems and is also involved in phototropism and gravitropism?

   1. Abscisic acid (ABA)
   2. Ethylene
   3. Gibberellin (GA)
   4. Auxin
   Show answer

   Answer: D. Auxin

   Auxin is the primary plant hormone that stimulates cell elongation and division, especially in the shoot apex and root apex. It plays a crucial role in tropisms by mediating differential growth in response to light and gravity.

2. If a plant exhibits increased root growth and delayed leaf senescence upon application of a growth regulator, which hormone is likely responsible?

   1. Ethylene
   2. Abscisic acid
   3. Cytokinin
   4. Gibberellin
   Show answer

   Answer: C. Cytokinin

   Cytokinins are known to promote cell division, influence root and shoot growth ratios, and delay senescence.

3. The process of fruit ripening is significantly accelerated by:

   1. Abscisic acid
   2. Cytokinin
   3. Ethylene
   4. Auxin
   Show answer

   Answer: C. Ethylene

   Ethylene is a gaseous plant hormone that plays a central role in fruit ripening, senescence, and abscission. It triggers a cascade of biochemical changes that lead to softening, color change, and aroma development.

4. The formation of adventitious roots on stem cuttings, a process widely used in vegetative propagation, can be stimulated by applying:

   1. Abscisic acid
   2. Cytokinin
   3. Gibberellin
   4. Auxin
   Show answer

   Answer: D. Auxin

   Auxins, especially IBA (Indole-3-butyric acid) and NAA (Naphthaleneacetic acid), are commonly applied to stem cuttings to promote the formation of adventitious roots, enhancing their survival and establishment.

5. Which of the following hormones is primarily involved in maintaining the turgor pressure of cells and thus plays a role in cell expansion?

   1. Ethylene
   2. Abscisic acid
   3. Gibberellin
   4. Cytokinin
   Show answer

   Answer: C. Gibberellin

   Gibberellins promote cell elongation by stimulating cell division and increasing cell wall extensibility, which is dependent on turgor pressure.

More questions in this quiz

Answers and explanations are in the full quiz.

1. Seed dormancy can be broken by exogenous application of which plant growth regulator, which also promotes flowering in long-day plants under short-day conditions?
2. The phenomenon of 'bolting' in plants, characterized by rapid internode elongation, is primarily induced by:
3. The 'triple response' in etiolated seedlings, characterized by inhibition of stem elongation, radial swelling of the stem, and horizontal root growth, is a hallmark response to:
4. Which plant hormone is crucial for promoting cell division and differentiation, particularly in meristematic tissues and in the formation of callus in tissue culture?
5. Senescence, or the aging of plant parts, is often delayed by the application of:
6. Which plant hormone plays a significant role in fruit ripening, abscission of leaves and fruits, and also induces dormancy in seeds and buds?
7. Which of the following is NOT a response mediated by gibberellins?
8. The phenomenon of photoperiodism, the plant's response to the length of day and night, is primarily regulated by:
9. Dormancy in plant seeds and buds is primarily maintained by:
10. Which hormone is synthesized in the developing seeds and promotes cell division, enlargement, and differentiation, playing a role in fruit development?
11. Apical dominance is often regulated by the interaction between auxins and cytokinins. A high auxin to cytokinin ratio typically leads to:
12. Epinasty, a downward bending of leaves, is a common symptom of excess:
13. The delay in flowering in a biennial plant that requires a cold period for flowering is a phenomenon known as:
14. Which of the following is a synthetic auxin commonly used in agriculture and horticulture?
15. Seed stratification involves:
16. Which plant hormone can break apical dominance and promote the growth of lateral buds?
17. Plants exposed to prolonged darkness or stress conditions often accumulate which hormone that induces stomatal closure?
18. Which of the following is a characteristic response of plants to gibberellins?
19. The process of flowering in short-day plants is induced when they are exposed to:
20. The phenomenon of thigmotropism, the directional growth in response to touch, is mediated by:
21. Senescence in leaves can be delayed by the application of exogenous cytokinins because they:
22. Which of the following is a key role of ethylene in plant development?
23. The process of flowering in many plants is influenced by the critical photoperiod. Which pigment system is primarily responsible for detecting this critical photoperiod?
24. Which plant hormone has been shown to induce parthenocarpy (fruit development without fertilization) in some species like tomatoes?
25. Which of the following is a primary function of abscisic acid in relation to plant stress responses?
26. The phenomenon of aging and eventual death of plant parts, such as leaves and flowers, is referred to as:
27. Which plant hormone is synthesized in the shoot apical meristems and is transported basipetally (downwards)?
28. The delay in flowering in winter rye when exposed to low temperatures is a process known as:
29. Which of the following plant hormones is often applied to inhibit the sprouting of stored tubers and bulbs?
30. The phenomenon of phototropism, where shoots bend towards light, is primarily mediated by a differential distribution of which hormone?
31. Which class of plant hormones is synthesized in the root tips and promotes cell division, while also playing a role in delaying leaf senescence?
32. The senescence of leaves and the abscission of fruits are processes that are promoted by:
33. The photoperiodic response of flowering in a plant can be categorized into long-day plants, short-day plants, and day-neutral plants. This classification is based on:
34. Which synthetic plant growth regulator is often used as a rooting hormone for plant cuttings and can also be found naturally in plant tissues?
35. The formation of callus in plant tissue culture is typically promoted by a balance of which two hormone classes?
36. Which of the following is a characteristic function of gibberellins in seed germination?
37. The wilting of plants is a process that can be exacerbated by the accumulation of which plant hormone, which also promotes stomatal closure?
38. The phenomenon where plants exposed to short days flower is characteristic of:
39. Which plant hormone class is involved in the regulation of cell division, chloroplast development, and leaf senescence?
40. The role of auxins in apical dominance involves their downward transport from the apical bud, which:
41. Which of the following is a major role of gibberellins in plant development?

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