Rocks, soil profile, conservation Quiz - ICSE Class 7 Geography

Free practice quiz: Rocks, soil profile, conservation (ICSE Class 7 Geography). 43 multiple-choice questions with answers and explanations. Play online, no sign-up needed.

This ICSE Class 7 Geography practice quiz has 43 multiple-choice questions on Rocks, soil profile, conservation, and 43 of them come with an explanation. Try the 5 sample questions below (tap an option to check yourself), then play the full quiz online. No sign-up needed.

Sample questions

1. Frost wedging is a type of weathering that occurs when:

   1. Water expands as it freezes and widens cracks in rocks.
   2. Acidic rain dissolves rock minerals.
   3. Plant roots grow into rock fissures, exerting pressure.
   4. Carbon dioxide dissolves in rainwater to form carbonic acid.
   Show answer

   Answer: A. Water expands as it freezes and widens cracks in rocks.

   Frost wedging is a form of mechanical weathering where water seeps into cracks, freezes, expands, and widens the cracks, eventually breaking the rock. The other options describe chemical and biological weathering processes.

2. Which of the following rock types is most susceptible to chemical weathering by acid rain?

   1. Granite
   2. Basalt
   3. Limestone
   4. Sandstone
   Show answer

   Answer: C. Limestone

   Limestone is primarily composed of calcium carbonate, which readily reacts with weak acids like carbonic acid (formed from carbon dioxide in rain) to dissolve, a process known as carbonation.

3. Planting trees and shrubs along the contour of hillsides is a conservation method known as:

   1. Terracing
   2. Windbreaks
   3. Contour plowing
   4. Reforestation
   Show answer

   Answer: C. Contour plowing

   Contour plowing involves tilling and planting crops along the natural contour lines of the land to slow down water runoff and reduce erosion.

4. Soil that is formed from the weathering of the rock directly beneath it is called:

   1. Transported soil
   2. Residual soil
   3. Alluvial soil
   4. Glacial soil
   Show answer

   Answer: B. Residual soil

   Residual soils are formed in place from the weathering of the bedrock on which they lie. Transported soils are moved from their original location by agents like water, wind, or ice.

5. The outermost layer of the Earth's crust, composed of unconsolidated material that supports plant life, is called:

   1. Bedrock
   2. Regolith
   3. Mantle
   4. Core
   Show answer

   Answer: B. Regolith

   Regolith is the layer of loose, heterogeneous material covering solid rock. It includes weathered rock and soil, and it is the source material for soil formation.

More questions in this quiz

Answers and explanations are in the full quiz.

1. Which type of chemical weathering involves the reaction of oxygen with minerals in rocks?
2. What is the term for the vertical layers of soil, each with distinct physical and chemical characteristics?
3. Which soil horizon is typically the darkest and richest in organic matter?
4. The 'B horizon' in a soil profile is also known as the:
5. The bedrock from which soil is formed is called the:
6. Soil erosion can be most effectively reduced by:
7. What is the process by which valuable nutrients are washed out of the soil by percolating water?
8. The 'O horizon' of a soil profile primarily consists of:
9. Which process leads to the formation of clay minerals through the reaction of water with silicate minerals?
10. The steepest slopes are most prone to soil erosion due to:
11. What is the main consequence of soil compaction?
12. Which of the following soil conservation techniques involves planting different crops in alternating strips to prevent erosion?
13. What is the term for the organic, dark-colored material found in soil, resulting from the decomposition of plants and animals?
14. The 'C horizon' of a soil profile is primarily composed of:
15. Which of the following is a consequence of acid rain on rocks, leading to their deterioration?
16. The process where water seeps into rock cracks, freezes, expands, and breaks the rock is called:
17. Which of the following soil horizons is the least weathered and most resembles the parent material?
18. The movement of dissolved minerals from upper soil layers to lower layers by percolating water is known as:
19. Which agricultural practice helps to maintain soil structure and reduce erosion by leaving crop residues on the soil surface?
20. The formation of carbonic acid when carbon dioxide dissolves in rainwater is an example of which weathering process?
21. Which of the following is a consequence of deforestation that directly contributes to increased soil erosion?
22. The gradual breakdown of rocks by mechanical and chemical processes is known as:
23. Which of the following is a technique used to prevent soil erosion on steep slopes by creating a series of level platforms?
24. What is the term for the process where solid particles are lifted and carried by wind or water?
25. The 'E horizon', if present, is characterized by:
26. Which rock type is most likely to form soil through hydrolysis due to its mineral composition?
27. What is the process by which wind deposits sand and silt?
28. Which of the following soil conservation methods helps to protect soil from wind erosion by creating a barrier of trees?
29. The accumulation of leached materials, such as clay and iron oxides, from the upper horizons into a lower layer is called:
30. Which type of weathering involves the disintegration of rocks by the crystallization of salts within pores or cracks?
31. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a healthy soil?
32. What is the main cause of exfoliation or onion-skin weathering in rocks?
33. The process of breaking down rock through chemical reactions with water is known as:
34. Soil degradation includes processes like salinization, erosion, and:
35. Which of the following is a type of transported soil deposited by rivers?
36. What is the primary role of microorganisms in soil formation?
37. Which soil horizon is often referred to as the 'zone of accumulation' where leached materials settle?
38. The weathering process that involves the disintegration of rocks due to the growth of salt crystals in pores and cracks is known as:

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