d- and f-Block Elements Quiz - ICSE Class 12 Chemistry

Free practice quiz: d- and f-Block Elements (ICSE Class 12 Chemistry). 27 multiple-choice questions with answers and explanations. Play online, no sign-up needed.

This ICSE Class 12 Chemistry practice quiz has 27 multiple-choice questions on d- and f-Block Elements, and 27 of them come with an explanation. Try the 5 sample questions below (tap an option to check yourself), then play the full quiz online. No sign-up needed.

Sample questions

1. The lanthanoid contraction leads to a decrease in atomic radius across the lanthanoid series. Which of the following is a direct consequence of this contraction?

   1. Increased basicity of oxides
   2. Decreased ionization energy
   3. Similar properties of elements following lanthanoids
   4. Increased metallic character
   Show answer

   Answer: C. Similar properties of elements following lanthanoids

   The lanthanoid contraction causes elements in the third transition series (e.g., Hf, Ta, W) to have similar atomic radii and hence similar chemical properties to their corresponding elements in the second transition series (Zr, Nb, Mo). This is due to the poor shielding effect of 4f electrons. Increased basicity of oxides and increased metallic character are generally observed with increasing atomic size, which decreases across the lanthanoids. Ionization energy generally increases across a period.

2. Consider the following statements regarding the properties of d-block elements: (A) They generally form colored compounds. (B) They exhibit variable oxidation states. (C) They have high enthalpy of atomization. (D) They are poor conductors of heat and electricity.

   1. A, B, and C are correct, D is incorrect.
   2. A, B, and D are correct, C is incorrect.
   3. A, C, and D are correct, B is incorrect.
   4. All statements A, B, C, and D are correct.
   Show answer

   Answer: A. A, B, and C are correct, D is incorrect.

   Statements A, B, and C are true for d-block elements. The ability to form colored compounds (due to d-d transitions), variable oxidation states (due to participation of both ns and (n-1)d electrons), and high enthalpy of atomization (due to strong metallic bonding involving d-electrons) are characteristic features. However, d-block elements are generally good conductors of heat and electricity, making statement D incorrect.

3. Which of the following compounds of a transition metal is NOT colored?

   1. KMnO$_4$
   2. K$_2$Cr$_2$O$_7$
   3. CuSO$_4 \cdot$ 5H$_2$O
   4. K$_4$[Fe(CN)$_6$]
   Show answer

   Answer: D. K$_4$[Fe(CN)$_6$]

   KMnO$_4$ (permanganate ion) is intensely purple due to d-d transitions in Mn$^{7+}$ (although formally d$^0$, charge transfer transitions are responsible). K$_2$Cr$_2$O$_7$ (dichromate ion) is orange, again due to charge transfer transitions in Cr$^{6+}$. CuSO$_4 \cdot$ 5H$_2$O contains Cu$^{2+}$ ($3d^9$), which exhibits blue color due to d-d transitions. K$_4$[Fe(CN)$_6$] contains Fe$^{2+}$ ($3d^6$) in a complex with cyanide ions. Cyanide is a strong field ligand, leading to a high crystal field splitting energy. In [Fe(CN)$_6$]$^{4-}$, the d-orbitals are all paired up, and the energy gap for d-d transitions is too large for visible light absorption, making the compound pale yellow or practically colorless. The color of potassium ferrocyanide is very faint and often considered colorless in contrast to the others.

4. The compound that is NOT formed by the oxidation of Cr$^{3+}$ is:

   1. CrO$_3$
   2. K$_2$Cr$_2$O$_7$
   3. CrO$_4^{2-}$
   4. Cr$_2$O$_3$
   Show answer

   Answer: D. Cr$_2$O$_3$

   Cr$_2$O$_3$ is a compound where chromium is in the +3 oxidation state. CrO$_3$ involves Cr$^{6+}$, K$_2$Cr$_2$O$_7$ involves Cr$^{6+}$ (in dichromate ion), and CrO$_4^{2-}$ involves Cr$^{6+}$ (in chromate ion). Therefore, Cr$_2$O$_3$ is not formed by the oxidation of Cr$^{3+}$; rather, it *is* the +3 oxidation state.

5. Which of the following elements from the d-block exhibits the most pronounced amphoteric nature in its common oxides?

   1. Vanadium (V)
   2. Chromium (Cr)
   3. Manganese (Mn)
   4. Iron (Fe)
   Show answer

   Answer: B. Chromium (Cr)

   Among the given options, chromium exhibits the most pronounced amphoteric behavior in its oxides. For example, CrO is basic, Cr$_2$O$_3$ is amphoteric, and CrO$_3$ is acidic. Vanadium oxides show amphoteric character, but Cr$_2$O$_3$ is a more classic example of an amphoteric oxide among these. Manganese oxides become more acidic with increasing oxidation state (MnO is basic, Mn$_2$O$_3$ is weakly basic/amphoteric, MnO$_2$ is amphoteric, Mn$_2$O$_7$ is acidic). Iron oxides are primarily basic (FeO, Fe$_3$O$_4$) with some amphoteric character in higher oxidation states.

More questions in this quiz

Answers and explanations are in the full quiz.

1. The characteristic green colour of many nickel(II) compounds is due to the presence of unpaired electrons in the d-orbitals. Which of the following statements accurately describes the d-electron configuration and orbital splitting in an octahedral field for Ni$^{2+}$?
2. The chemical inertness of some lanthanoids, particularly towards oxidation, is attributed to:
3. Which of the following metals exhibits the highest electrical conductivity at room temperature?
4. The catalytic activity of transition metals is often attributed to:
5. The lanthanoid contraction is most significantly observed in the transition from which pair of elements?
6. Which of the following properties is LEAST characteristic of actinoids compared to lanthanoids?
7. The alloy 'Mischmetal' is a mixture of lanthanoids and is primarily used in:
8. The characteristic property of transition metals that allows them to form alloys is:
9. Consider the following statements about the magnetic properties of transition metal ions: (i) Paramagnetism arises from unpaired electrons. (ii) Diamagnetism arises from paired electrons. (iii) The strength of paramagnetism increases with the number of unpaired electrons. (iv) All transition metals are paramagnetic in their elemental form.
10. Which of the following pairs of ions have similar ionic radii due to the lanthanoid contraction?
11. The high density of transition metals is attributed to:
12. The stability of the +3 oxidation state in lanthanoids is most pronounced in:
13. Which of the following elements is an exception to the general electronic configuration of transition elements, $ns^1-2 (n-1)d^{1-10}$?
14. The actinoid series exhibits a greater tendency to form complex compounds compared to the lanthanoid series primarily due to:
15. Which of the following is an example of a lanthanoid alloy with important applications?
16. The unusual stability of the +4 oxidation state of Cerium (Ce) is because:
17. Transition metals are effective catalysts due to:
18. The characteristic property of transition metals that allows them to form colored ions and compounds is associated with:
19. The decrease in atomic radii of elements across the lanthanoid series is known as lanthanoid contraction. This contraction is primarily attributed to:
20. Which of the following is a characteristic property of zinc, cadmium, and mercury?
21. Which of the following sets correctly represents the common oxidation states of Vanadium?
22. Which of the following statements about lanthanoids is incorrect?

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